Improvement in the construction of sea-walls



,JO'IIN'.-KII'LLM, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

Letters Patent No. 74,547, dated February/'18, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION or SEA-WALLS.

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To ALL WIIOM IT MAY "CONCI'IRN:`

Be it known that I, JOHN KELLY, ofSan Francisco, county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented an Improved Sea-Wall; and I'do hereby declare the following description and accompanyingdrawings are suilicient to enable any personskilled in` the art or science to which itmost nearly appertainsto make and use my said invention or improvement without further invention or experiment.

I My invention relates to a'c'ertain new and useful improvement in the building of sea-walls, so that the action ofthe watervagainst them will not wash cutithe mortar or cement from the seams or crevices between the masonry or blocks, and consists in placing strips of' lead vertically and horizontally between the blocks or layers in front ofthe mortar or cement.

In order to more fully illustrate and describe -my invention, reference is had tothe accompanying drawings, formingapart of this specification', of whic`h-v Figure'l isa front elevation, and

Figure 2 is a sectional elevation, taken'through z :v l Inconstructing my wall the ordinary method is pursued, that is` to s'ay, the masonry is'laid upon the bedrock, onupon a concretestructure or foundation, and the mortar or c ement spread upon itto within about six inohes,n'1ore or less, of the face. or edge. I-then lay down a stripot' lead, A, ofthe desired thickness,-and then commence to lay the blocks of graniteor other masonry-yB, upon it, Hush with the edge of the lead. In order l to ll tlievertical joints between the blocks, I also place strips of lead, C, edgfewise, with 'the up'per and lower edges resting on the horizontal strips, and so on, the horizontal and vertical strips of lead being laid upon every layer and between every block until the wall is'completed.

for the purpose herein specified. j

The usual methodof laying sea-wall is toplace in thejoints between the layers of masonry, in front of the mortar or cement, strips of clothdipped in tar or asphaltum, allowing it to project a little from the face of the lwall. But thisl device, after repeated trials, has been found to` be'ineii'eotual and useless, by reason ofthe action of tlie'wate,A which washes and wears it away, allowing the waterv to wash out. the mortar or cement, thereby vcausing the wall to leak badly, as when used in dry-docks. But suchs not the case when my device is used,v

but a sea-wall is obtained which is impervious to water, and which excels .in durability any construction lrnown, and'is very inexpensive. `'lhelead between the joints serves to eli'ectually'prevent the water from decomposing or disintegrating and washing away the mortar or cement.` Other strips of metal might be employed, but I prefer lead, on account of its malleability, so that when the weights areplaced upon it, it will serve togmoro closelyllthe openings between the blocks, especially the longitudinal joints.v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desireto'secur'e by'Letters Patent, v

Thestrips' of metal or lead A C, when placed between thejoints of blocks of masonry, substantially as and Inrwitness whereof, Ihave hereunto set my hand and seal. i

v n I v .JOHN KELLY. v `L. 5.]

.I Vl'itnesses;4 l

CA W. M. SMITH, J.V ILBooNn 

